States of Matter

Topic: States of Matter

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Area:  Science

Abstract:  To introduce the notion of “States of Matter”, one painting by John Constable will be presented linking with the notion of representation of different matter in daily lives. Then, they will understand the notion of physical properties in these different matters.

Learning objectives:

  • Students will be able to understand the three physical states of matter.
  • Students will be able to know the physical properties of each state.

Teachers’ profile:(team transversality) Chemistry teacher

Advisable age of students: (Flexible according to the curriculum of specific country) : 12-13 years old

Previous knowledge:

-Water circle
– Physical state of the water

Global development   Total duration:               45 minutes

Materials: desks or chairs

Phase 1  Duration: 10 minutes             Visualisation

Development :

“The Hay Wain”   BY John Constable 

Discussion around the artist:  Who? What did he do? Lead            students              to  describe        the         painting presented. Then, link this painting with the notion of ‘matter’. What do you see in this painting ? What do you see in the middle of this painting? What are the elements you see in this painting? What do you think this painting represents ?

Phase 2      Duration: 25 minutes             Artistic action and experimentation

Development: Before we start, we need to arrange a circle with some desks or chairs to make it difficult to access certain areas. The space must be considerably bigger than the group can fill when closely spaced. The teacher tells to the student to stand up in the middle of the circle and get as close together as they can

1st step : Liquid State

Tell the students to move around freely amongst one another, but to stay in the middle of the space/room.

2nd step : Solid State

If before they were moving comfortably, the teacher now tells them we are going to take away some energy from the group. They are given less energy to move in the circle. As their energy decreases, they will begin to feel tired, and not move as much or as fast.

As the students continue to slow down, the teacher “removes” even more energy. How can they move without energy?

Tell the students to grab hold one another to help them to move. At the end of this step, the students need to stand together..

3nd step : Gaseous State

After the end of the second step, the teacher tells the student that there is now so much energy that they can’t stay in the center. They are free to move anywhere in the defined space, and that if they “bump into” anything they will bounce off in a new direction. Now the group is moving pretty freely all over the defined space.

After a few minutes, the teacher can change the organization of the circle to change its shape.

Phase 3:           Duration: 10 minutes                          Reflexion and debate

Development:
–  Why did we do this activity ?
– For the first step, why did we stay within the shape, but we were moving continuously ?
– How can we move without energy ?
– How can we help us move without energy?
– Did your movement change the shapes of the group ?
– What happened when I changed the shape of the circle?
– In the 3nd step, how did you organise yourself to occupy the space?

Comments, possible derivations, and prolongations of the proposal: We can add some difficulties with the different matters.

References and links:
Vidéos to understand the notion

States of Matter
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